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slash UK slash AI for people. Welcome to the History Extra podcast, fascinating historical conversations from the makers of BBC History Magazine.

Ancient Egypt conjures up images of pharaohs, pyramids and hieroglyphics.

But what about soldiers, generals and military campaigns?

The historian Nicky Nielsen joined us recently on the podcast to discuss the Battle of

Magidou, and today he's returning to talk about ancient Egyptian warfare as a whole, covering

tactics, technology and weaponry, and revealing why the chariot was not all it was cracked up to be.

Speaking to Nikki this time was John Borkham.

Now we've got around 3,000 years of history to cover, but let's start by going back to the early dynastic period, around the end of the 4th millennium BC.

How are the earliest ancient Egyptian armies formed? Well, that's a, it's a good question because it goes to the heart of

what are our preconceptions about what is an army, what is warfare, these very kind of deep

questions and what we consider to be warfare today

versus what we consider to be warfare in the medieval period, the Roman period, and pre-dynastic

Egypt. It's not necessarily the same thing. So it is a little bit of an umbrella term that

it generalizes quite heavily. So if we're looking at the evidence base that we have,

it's not great, to be

...