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Throughline

A Primer On The Federal Reserve's Independence

Throughline

NPR

Society & Culture, History, Documentary

4.715K Ratings

🗓️ 26 August 2025

⏱️ 24 minutes

🧾️ Download transcript

Summary

President Donald Trump has been loudly critical of Federal Reserve Chair Jerome Powell for years now. Since January, the President has accused him of playing politics by keeping interest rates high. Trump has also threatened to oust Powell — which would mark an extraordinary shift away from the independence of the central bank.Today from our friends at The Indicator from Planet Money: a short history of the Federal Reserve and why it’s insulated from day-to-day politics; how the Fed amassed a ton of power in recent years; and a Trump executive order that took some of that power away.

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Transcript

Click on a timestamp to play from that location

0:00.0

This is Eric Glass.

0:01.5

On This American Life, we like stories that surprise you.

0:04.2

For instance, imagine finding a new hobby and realizing...

0:07.2

To do this hobby right, according to the ways of the masters,

0:11.7

there's a pretty good chance that you're going to have to bend the law to get the materials that you need.

0:16.6

If not, break it.

0:17.5

Yeah.

0:18.2

To break international laws.

0:20.8

Your life stories, really good ones.

0:22.6

This American Life.

0:23.6

Hey, everyone, Run here.

0:25.6

Since January, President Trump has pressured the Federal Reserve to lower interest rates.

0:31.6

But so far, the numbers haven't moved.

0:34.6

And that's by design.

0:35.6

The Federal Reserve is supposed to be an independent

0:38.2

government agency, meaning that the Fed makes decisions about monetary policy without Congress

0:44.4

or the White House interfering. But that doesn't mean the Federal Reserve is completely free from

0:50.0

influence. Earlier this month, President Trump announced his list of potential candidates to

0:55.9

succeed current chair Jerome Powell, whose tenure is up in May next year. Some people are concerned

1:02.2

that Trump's pick could compromise the central bank's independence. Today on the show, we're bringing

1:08.4

you a short history of the Federal Reserve, why its independence is so important, and what President Trump has tried to do to influence it.

1:17.8

It's from our friends over at the Indicator from Planet Money. Enjoy.

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