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History Unplugged Podcast

A French Archeologist – Considered the Female Indiana Jones – Saved Dozens of Ancient Egyptian Temples From Flooding

History Unplugged Podcast

History Unplugged

Society & Culture, History

4.23.7K Ratings

🗓️ 9 May 2023

⏱️ 36 minutes

🧾️ Download transcript

Summary

In the 1960s, the world’s attention was focused on a nail-biting race against time: Fifty countries contributed nearly a billion dollars to save a dozen ancient Egyptian temples, built during the height of the pharaohs’ rule, from drowning in the floodwaters of the gigantic new Aswan High Dam. But the massive press coverage of this unprecedented rescue effort completely overlooked the gutsy French archaeologist who made it all happen. Without the intervention of Christiane Desroches-Noblecourt, the temples—including the Metropolitan Museum’s Temple of Dendur—would be at the bottom of a huge reservoir. It was a project of unimaginable size and complexity that required the fragile sandstone temples to be dismantled, stone by stone, and rebuilt on higher ground.

A willful, real-life version of Indiana Jones, Desroches-Noblecourt refused to be cowed by anyone or anything. As a member of the French Resistance in World War II she had survived imprisonment by the Nazis; in her fight to save the temples, she defied two of the most daunting leaders of the postwar world, Egyptian President Abdel Nasser and French President Charles de Gaulle. As she told one reporter, “You don't get anywhere without a fight, you know.” Yet Desroches-Noblecourt was not the only woman who played a crucial role in the endeavor. The other was Jacqueline Kennedy, America’s new First Lady, who persuaded her husband to call on Congress to help fund the rescue effort. After a century and a half of Western plunder of Egypt’s ancient monuments, Desroches-Noblecourt had done the opposite. She had helped preserve a crucial part of its cultural heritage and, just as important, made sure it remained in its homeland.

Today’s guest is Lynne Olson, author of “Empress of the Nile: The Daredevil Archeologist Who Saved Egypt’s Ancient Temples.” We discuss why Christiane Desroches is something of a real-life female Indiana Jones, what tactics Desroches used to save Egyptian antiquities from flooding in the Nile basin, and how important her intervention was to the effort.

Transcript

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0:00.0

It's got to hear with another episode of the History and Plug podcast.

0:07.5

In the 1960s, the international media was focused on a male-biting race against time.

0:12.7

50 countries had contributed nearly a billion dollars to saving a dozen ancient Egyptian

0:17.5

temples, who were thousands of years old, from drowning in the flood waters of the gigantic

0:21.8

new Osuon High Dam.

0:23.0

But these temples weren't moved, they'd be at the bottom of a huge reservoir, but doing

0:26.9

so would require dismantling the fragile sandstone temples, stone by stone, and rebuilding

0:31.7

them on higher ground.

0:33.1

They were high up on cliffs, and you'd practically need a vertical takeoff and landing vehicle

0:36.8

just to access them.

0:38.0

Now this rescue effort did succeed, even though Egypt, France, and Britain strongly disliked

0:43.1

each other during this time, during the height of Cold War tensions, and this entire effort

0:46.8

was made possible by a Guetzy French archaeologist by the name of Christian Derroche Nobelcourt.

0:52.0

She was something of her real life Indiana Jones.

0:54.2

She was a member of the French Resistance in World War II, and survived imprisonment

0:57.6

by the Nazis, and also many incredible discoveries, such as the 4200-year-old tomb of Lady

1:02.9

Szecheset, the wife of the chief government minister of Egypt.

1:05.8

In this episode, we're speaking to Lynn Olson, author of Empress of the Nile, the Derroche

1:10.0

archaeologist who saved Egypt's ancient temples.

1:12.6

We look at how antiquities have been, unfortunately, destroyed and plundered for millennia, and

1:17.3

it's really only due to their heroic efforts of a few individuals, like the Eroschnobel

1:21.2

Quart that they aren't destroyed, and how she preserved a crucial part of Egypt's cultural

...

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