In Scandinavia, there is a phenomenon known as the Moskstraumen or Moskenstraumen, a system of tidal whirlpools found in the Lofoten archipelago in Nordland county (in Norway) between the Norwegian Sea and the Vestfjorden. This Moskstraumen was the inspiration for Poe's tale. Poe learnt about the maelstrom from several sources, which included an 1834 story in Fraser's Magazine titled 'The Maelstrom: A Fragment'.

'A Descent into the Maelstrom' is a classic example of Poe's incorporation of real-life, non-fiction accounts of phenomena into fiction. The story provides us with something that real life almost certainly never could: what would it be like to be caught up in such a powerful force as the Maelstrom and yet live to tell the tale? Much like people who claim to have had near-death experiences in which they have seen the 'other side', the white-haired man experienced, and survived, something that nobody else had.

Many of Edgar Allan Poe's tales focus on protagonists who find themselves in trouble because of their own behaviour: so the murderer in 'The Tell-Tale Heart' is driven mad by his own guilt (or, depending on how you read that ambiguous story, by the supernatural beating of his victim's heart beneath the floorboards), while the cat-killer in 'The Black Cat' also brings his subsequent haunting and bad luck upon his own head through his cruelty to his pet.

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