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The History of the Twentieth Century

270 The Reichstag Fire

The History of the Twentieth Century

Mark Painter

History

4.8719 Ratings

🗓️ 6 February 2022

⏱️ 44 minutes

🧾️ Download transcript

Summary

Hitler became chancellor of a mostly-not-Nazi cabinet. But he also demanded yet another election and worked hard to create a sense of crisis that would encourage more votes for Nazis.

Transcript

Click on a timestamp to play from that location

0:00.0

On February 5, 1933, the new German Chancellor Adolf Hitler received a visitor.

0:26.9

It was Baldur von Schirach, head of the Nazi Party's youth organizations.

0:32.7

Chancellor Hitler, five days after moving into the chancellery, told Shirach, we have power and we're going to keep it.

0:41.8

I'm never leaving here.

0:45.1

Indeed, though few at the time would have predicted it, he remained Chancellor until his death in 1945.

0:53.5

Welcome to the history of the 20stag fire.

1:28.3

When Adolf Hitler was offered the chancellorship, at the head of a government of mostly ministers who were not national socialists,

1:36.3

he accepted the offer on the condition that another general election be held.

1:41.3

The deal was made and President Hindenburg called the election for March 5th, barely a month in the future.

1:50.1

Germany had already seen two general elections in 1932, plus two rounds of presidential elections,

1:57.2

plus various state elections. So a lot of elections have been going on, and a consistent thread in these elections has been

2:05.7

that support of Adolf Hitler's party, the NSDAP, tops out in the high 30s, enough to make it

2:13.5

the largest party in the Reichstag, but not enough to form a government it can fully control.

2:21.3

On the face of it, Hitler demanding yet another election was likely to become yet another exercise in futility.

2:29.6

Why should this election produce a result markedly different from any of the other recent elections.

2:35.6

But Hitler didn't see it that way. Hitler saw an opportunity to use his new position as

2:41.1

Chancellor to spread his message farther than ever before, win a majority at last, and gain

2:47.7

the government he always wanted.

2:57.8

He spoke over the radio to a national audience on February 1st, two days after taking office.

3:07.0

This was Hitler's first radio address. It had to be vetted by the cabinet, so it was not a full-bore national socialist speech. It was a declaration of the new government's

3:09.8

priorities. Even so, it contained much that would have been familiar to anyone who had heard

3:16.2

Hitler speak before. He denounced the German Revolution of 1918 as a betrayal and dismissed the

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