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The History of Egypt Podcast

211: Ramesses II The First Campaign of Victory

The History of Egypt Podcast

Dominic Perry

Society & Culture, History

4.82.1K Ratings

🗓️ 6 June 2025

⏱️ 29 minutes

🧾️ Download transcript

Summary

Ramesses II defends his borders. In the early years of his reign, Ramesses focussed on home defence. His army established new forts at remote locations along the western Delta and Mediterranean Coast (Marmarica). Traces of this work can be found at famous locations like el-Alamein, Mersa Matruh, and Zawiyet Umm el-Rakham, the latter of which has been the object of detailed excavation in recent decades. Apparently, Ramesses was fortifying his frontiers, guarding the western approaches to Egypt. Soon after, the pharaoh went forth on campaign. His target? The cities of Canaan and Amurru, in modern-day Lebanon. Along the way, he left inscriptions at Nahr el-Kalb, which started a surprisingly long-lived tradition... Music: "War" by Ancient Lyric (commissioned by The History of Egypt Podcast). Website: www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com. Support the show via Patreon www.patreon.com/egyptpodcast. Make a one-time donation via PayPal payments https://www.paypal.com/ncp/payment/BHC6MGDBC6SXU. We have merch! Browse our designs at Dashery by TeePublic https://egyptpodcast.dashery.com/ Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Transcript

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0:00.0

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0:30.3

This is the BBC Home and Forces program. Here's some excellent news which has come during the

0:36.4

past hour. The Axis forces in the Western Desert after 12 days and nights of ceaseless attacks by our land and air forces are now in full retreat.

0:47.3

It's known that the enemy's losses in killed and wounded have been exceptionally high.

0:57.0

Up to date, we can go to... In 1942, a massive battle unfolded in northern Africa.

1:13.6

Axis forces from fascist Italy and Third Reich Germany advanced deep into Egypt following the Mediterranean coast.

1:22.6

They reached a point just 100 kilometers, or 62 miles, west of Alexandria and the edge of the Nile

1:30.6

Delta. At a site called El Alamein, the Axis forces were repulsed by allied troops,

1:37.6

including British, Libyans, Indians, New Zealanders, Australians, South Africans, the Free French, Poles and Greeks.

1:46.7

The Allies had dug in well, spending months fortifying strategic locations, preparing choke

1:53.1

points, and laying mines. As the Axis forces pushed eastward, stretching their supply lines,

1:59.2

they found their strength blunted, blocked,

2:01.8

and ultimately beaten. At the edges of Egyptian territory, the coastal defences held. As the enemy

2:09.5

began their retreat from Alamein, Allied soldiers pushed westward. Their march would take them

2:16.1

past a site called Massa Matru, which had also seen

2:19.7

heavy fighting. Then, a small village called Zawiyat Umelrakam, which is not recorded as a battle

2:26.9

location, but was inhabited. From there, the advance moved towards Libya, following the coast, pushing the axis back.

2:37.5

3,300 years earlier, another army marched these roads.

...

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