My mind was made up for good.

Austria must be opposed in grim earnest to the death.

This the world situation demanded.

The only question was how to begin and what tactics to adopt.

Tomash Maserick, the making of a state.

Welcome to the history of the 20th century.

Thank you. The

The Oh, and I'm a new Episode 164, Grim Ernest, to the deaf.

I discussed the situation of the Czechs within Austria-Hungary all the way back in episode 50.

The Czech lands of Bohemia and Moravia were once the kingdom of Bohemia and were part of the Holy Roman Empire.

The king of Bohemia was traditionally one of the seven electors who chose the Holy Roman

Emperor. By 1526, the King of Bohemia, as well as of Croatia and Hungary, was Louis II,

or Ludwig in Czech. He fell at the Battle of Mohatch that year,

and on his death, the Habsbergs acquired his titles.

The Czechs were mostly Protestants by then.

The Catholic Habsbergs did not press the issue of religious conformity

on their new subjects at first,

but 92 years later, a

Habsburg attempt to do exactly that led to the famous defenestration of Prague, an event which in

turn led to the horrific 30 years war. But the acquisition of Lewis's three crowns by the Hosbergs is the reason why Hungary, Croatia, and Bohemia are all part of the Austro-Hungarian dual monarchy in 1867.

You will note that within the dual monarchy, Hungary had equal rights with Austria. Hungary also held Croatia as part of the domains of the

King of Hungary. Bohemia, by contrast, was incorporated as a province of Austria, a region of Slavic

...