There were times when I thought, you're going to pay me?

I said that goodness.

For the last 10 years, they haven't been paying me.

I've been doing it because I enjoy it.

So there you go.

That's Dr. Jeff Norman, professor of clinical epidemiology at McMaster University, and we were so fortunate to sit down with

him and hear about his career's work in the realm of diagnosis. He is the author of

10 books and over 300 journal articles that he happily still works on today during his retirement.

Welcome to a special episode on diagnostic excellence and mitigating diagnostic errors.

I'm Dr. Shroy Trebeti. Today we will start by rethinking

some more traditional teaching around clinical reasoning. First, with system one

versus system two processes and then with cognitive biases. Then we will ask ourselves hard

questions on what can we do to mitigate diagnostic error and end on a creative note

thinking of everyday practices and instructional strategies we can do to achieve

that diagnostic excellence.

Typically when I'm thinking about mitigating diagnostic errors, I think back to the talks that I've gotten on dual process theory, right?

System 1 is fast, implicit, unconscious, and system 2 is slow, deliberate, analytical. Traditionally in training we have a tendency to prioritize

System 2 and slowing down and going fast with System 1 gets a bad rap for being error

prone. But in talking to Dr. Norman, I quickly

learned that dichotomy between System 1 and System 2 may not be all that it's hyped up to be.

System 1 is a pejorative term.

Nobody says, isn't that great what he did with System one thinking?

...