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History Daily

1235: Otto The Great Overthrows The Pope

History Daily

History Daily

History

4.42.1K Ratings

🗓️ 6 November 2025

⏱️ 18 minutes

🧾️ Download transcript

Summary

​​November 6, 963 CE. Holy Roman Emperor Otto I convenes a Synod of the Church in Rome to depose Pope John XII.


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Transcript

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0:00.0

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0:04.1

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0:20.4

The It's the morning of August 10th, 955 CE, near the city of Augsburg in what's now southern

0:31.7

Germany.

0:33.9

42-year-old King Otto of East Francia raises his shield as enemy arrows rain down from the sky.

0:41.0

Across the muddy battlefield, mounted archers ride back and forth,

0:44.9

unleashing volleys at Otto's men before darting back.

0:48.1

But Otto's disciplined forces hold their ground and await their king's command.

0:52.6

For over half a century, Hungarian war bands have been raiding

0:56.0

and pillaging the eastern borders of Otto's kingdom. But now Otto has had enough. He's mobilized

1:01.9

an army to destroy the raiders once and for all. Otto waits for the perfect moment to strike.

1:07.8

Then he lifts a special relic above his head, the Holy Lance, the spear, believed to

1:12.9

pierce the side of Jesus Christ during his crucifixion. Crying above the hiss of arrows,

1:19.1

Otto urges his men to defeat their enemy in the name of God and all Christendom. Then, with a roar,

1:25.0

he charges into battle, backed with galloping warhorses in the unwavering faith of his men.

1:33.7

This battle quickly becomes a slaughter. The Hungarian war bands are shattered, and those who aren't

1:39.4

killed in battle are soon executed on King Otto's orders. This victory makes him the most powerful king in

1:45.6

Central Europe and is so decisive that it earns him a new title, Otto the Great. Yet trouble

1:51.6

is brewing on the horizon. In Rome, the young Pope John the 12th is struggling in his fight against

1:57.2

an alliance of Italian nobles, and Otto will answer his call for help.

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