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The John Batchelor Show

1/4: Marilyn Brookwood, THE ORPHANS OF DAVENPORT: Eugenics, the Great Depression, and the War over Children's Intelligence, by Marilyn Brookwood

The John Batchelor Show

John Batchelor

Society & Culture, Arts, News, Books

4.5 • 2.8K Ratings

🗓️ 17 December 2023

⏱️ 12 minutes

🧾️ Download transcript

Summary

1/4: Marilyn Brookwood, THE ORPHANS OF DAVENPORT: Eugenics, the Great Depression, and the War over Children's Intelligence, by Marilyn Brookwood

https://www.amazon.com/Orphans-Davenport-Depression-Childrens-Intelligence/dp/1631494686

The fascinating―and eerily timely―tale of the forgotten, Depression-era psychologists who launched the modern science of childhood development.

“Doomed from birth” was how the psychologist Harold Skeels described two toddler girls at the Iowa Soldiers’ Orphans’ Home in Davenport, Iowa, in 1934. Their IQ scores, added together, totaled just 81. Following prevailing eugenic beliefs of the times, Skeels and his colleague Marie Skodak assumed that the girls had inherited their parents’ low intelligence and were therefore unfit for adoption. The girls were sent to an institution for the “feebleminded” to be cared for by “moron” women. To Skeels and Skodak’s astonishment, under the women’s care, the children’s IQ scores became normal

1893 New York Infant Asylum Amsterdam Avenue

Transcript

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0:00.0

This is the

0:05.0

This is CBS I on the world.

0:08.0

Here's John Bachelor.

0:10.0

I welcome the author Marilyn Brookwa. The new book is The Orphans of Davenport.

0:16.4

This is the story of eugenics, The Great Depression, and the War over Children's Intelligence.

0:21.8

Here in the 21st century, it is common sensible that a

0:25.2

loving family is critical to the development of a child to adulthood.

0:30.1

Marilyn Brookwood is a psychologist. She's worked in public education and IJAC faculty position at the

0:36.7

College of New Rochelle. Writing this book from the documents assembled over the last hundred years from heroic work at the University

0:45.7

of Iowa.

0:46.6

We begin with one of those heroes at the University of Iowa in the 1930s during the depths of

0:52.4

the Depression. Iowa went from being the fourth

0:55.2

wealthiest state to poverty as all farming prices collapsed with the dislocation of the weather, the climate, and worldwide affairs.

1:07.0

In Chicago at the American Association on Mental Deficiency, 1939, a man takes to the podium in the fourth day, it's unseasonably hot. This is

1:16.9

Maryland's reporting. His name is Harold Skeels. He's a professor, he's a doctor,

1:21.6

he's a psychologist.

1:23.0

Marilyn, congratulations and a very good evening to you.

1:26.3

Who has Harold Skeels that day?

1:28.8

What is he presenting and what opposition does he face.

1:32.6

Good day to you.

1:33.4

Thank you and my appreciation for your interest in my book.

1:38.0

So Harold was a conventionally trained animal, expert in animal husbandry when for reasons we don't understand,

...

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